The opposition to immigration often hinges on the argument that it triggers a spike in crime rates. The growing global migration, spurred by climate change, economic instability, and conflicts, has exacerbated these concerns. But, are these fears grounded in reality or are they just xenophobic rhetoric disguised as public safety concerns?
Contrary to alarmist narratives, empirical evidence reveals a different picture. The data overwhelmingly indicate that immigration does not correlate with a surge in crime. In some cases, immigration might even be linked with a decrease in certain criminal activities.
Let’s take a closer look at the case of Chile. This South American nation, home to almost 20 million people, has witnessed an upsurge in anti-immigrant sentiment. Concerns about crime top the list of objections against immigration, followed by fears about health risks, such as the spread of new diseases. Nevertheless, the reality is far removed from these apprehensions.
Chile has seen a steady rise in immigration over the past few decades. In 1990, immigrants accounted for a mere 1% of the population. Fast forward to 2020, and the number of immigrants had swelled to 1.5 million, making up nearly 9% of the total population. Most of these immigrants hailed from Venezuela, Haiti, and Peru.
Responding to these demographic changes, many Chileans resorted to measures like installing electric fences and procuring security dogs. Legislative changes were also introduced, increasing the government’s authority to expel migrants and limit their access to protections under the garb of human rights protection.
However, a study published in the American Economic Journal paints a starkly different picture. After examining data from 2008 to 2017, the researchers concluded that immigration had no effect on crime rates. Intriguingly, people living in areas with more immigrants were more likely to consider crime as their primary concern, despite no statistical increase in criminal activities.
This finding is consistent with several other studies conducted across three decades in 30 countries, including Australia, Austria, France, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, Spain, and the US. All these studies found no tangible link between immigration and crime rates.
Misconceptions about immigration and crime continue to thrive, often fuelled by political agendas and amplified by the media. The fact that we all trace our origins back to Africa and that movement is an inherent human tendency is conveniently overlooked.
As we brace for a future marred by climate extremes, conflicts, and famines, global migration will inevitably rise. When the displaced knock on our doors, will we greet them with fear or embrace them with compassion and science?